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miercuri, 7 noiembrie 2007

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[Un roman din Italia: Ne-au scris pe ziduri "O sa va crapam capul"!
] 18:47 - Un roman din Italia: Ne-au scris pe ziduri "O sa va crapam capul"!
Bunele relatii, simpatia reciproca dintre romani si italieni sunt pe cale sa se duca definitiv pe apa sambetei. Daca nu definitiv, atunci in mod sigur, pentru foarte multa vreme. Si nu e vorba despre relatiile oficiale dintre cele doua state, care nu se stie daca s-au simpatizat vreodata foarte tare, ci la acelea dintre oamenii simpli. Oameni care muncesc cot la cot, care se salutau dimineata si nu banuiau ca le va mai creste un ochi, la spate, pentru a se pandi reciproc. Toata stirea
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BOLLYWOOD RROMA:

PIRATUL vs GUZGANUL ROZALIU

YouTube - Tudor Ionescu despre "Tigani sau Rromi" la TVR 1


YouTube - Tudor Ionescu despre "Tigani sau Rromi" la TVR 1: "Tudor Ionescu despre 'Tigani sau Rromi' la TVR 1"

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Marele esec al integrarii rromilor
7 Noiembrie 2007
Florian Bichir, Mircea Marian

Criza romanilor din Italia a readus in atentie o problema veche de sute ani: integrarea precara in societatea de tip european a unei bune parti din etnia rroma. Sociologi si analisti sustin ca problema rromilor romani e, in primul rand, problema Romaniei, si apoi a Europei.

"Spunem ca nu vor sa se integreze, dar ce conditii le oferim?"*(...)

O ISTORIE VECHE

Rromii in Europa: saracie si izolare

Majoritatea rromilor - in jur de 80a din totalul de aproximativ 15 milioane - traiesc in Europa, in conditii de saracie, izolati de societate si de autoritati, fara acces la educatie si la un loc de munca, apreciaza Amnesty International, intr-un raport recent.

Noua state europene, printre care si Romania, au demarat in 2005 o initiativa botezata „Deceniul de incluziune a rromilor”,(...)
ele mai importante comunitati de rromi traiesc in centrul si estul Europei, dar, ca si in cazul Romaniei, numarul lor variaza intre recensamintele oficiale si estimarile neoficiale.



Cehia are intre 11.000 si 200.000 de rromi, Slovacia, intre 95.000 si 550.000, Ungaria, intre 200.000 si 600.000 de rromi, iar rapoartele europene privind situatia acestei minoritati sunt de cele mai multe ori negative. In toate cele trei tari membre UE, rata somajului printre rromi atinge 75%-80%, atunci cand au acces la educatie, copiii invata in scoli speciale, iar intreaga comunitate este victima a prejudecatilor rasiale venind din partea majoritarilor, precizeaza Amnesty International.



In conditii similare traiesc rromii din Croatia, Macedonia sau Serbia, dar si cei din Bulgaria. Intre 370.000 si 700.000 de rromi traiesc in Bulgaria, majoritatea sub limita saraciei, iar rapoartele oficiale au subliniat in mai multe randuri masurile discriminatorii ale autoritatilor.(Adrian Cochino)

POVESTEA UNUI POPOR

Tiganii si drumul lor din India

Primele atestari documentare privind prezenta tiganilor pe pamant romanesc dateaza din secolul al XIV-lea, dar Mihail Kogalniceanu si Nicolae Iorga asociaza venirea lor in spatiul carpato-danubiano-pontic cu invazia tatareasca din 1260.



Un hrisov din 1385 din timpul domniei lui Dan Voda al Tarii Romanesti face referire la o danie in beneficiul Manastirii Vodita-Tismana a 40 de salase de tigani. Inca din acelasi secol, numarul acestor robi era destul de mare, de vreme ce, in 1388, Mircea cel Batran inzestra ctitoria sa de la Cozia cu 300 de salase de robi tigani. La Suceava, in 1417, erau stabiliti cu aprobarea lui Alexandru cel Bun 3.000 de robi tigani. (F. Bichir)

Desi abordata tangential, problema tiganilor este tratata pe intelesul tuturor de reputatul istoric Neagu Djuvara in a sa carte „O istorie a romanilor povestita celor tineri”. Constient de valoarea expresiei „cunoscandu-ne trecutul putem intelege prezentul”, savantul ofera o fresca succinta, dar sugestiva a istoriei tiganilor: de unde vin, cand au ajuns pe meleagurile noastre, dar si sursa originara a rupturii lor de societate, produsa inca de-acum sase secole! Tiganii au avut statutul de paria (patura cea mai de jos a societatii) atat in India, de unde provin, cat si in tarile prin care au trecut. Unele popoare i-au alungat (persanii, turcii, bizantinii). Altele - cum este cel roman - i-au asuprit. Pretutindeni au fost desconsiderati si tratati ca o rasa inferioara.

Redam alaturat cateva fragmente din cartea lui Neagu Djuvara in care este povestita, pe scurt, traiectoria istorica a tiganilor. Intertitlurile apartin redactiei.

Atigani: a nu se atinge!

Incepand cu ultimii ani ai veacului al XIV-lea, in Tarile Romane apare inca o categorie de locuitori si mai defavorizati, lipsiti si de proprietate, de pamant ori de case, dar si de libertatea de miscare, cu un cuvant, robi: tiganii.



Tiganii pot fi urmariti in exodul lor de mii de kilometri si sute de ani. A fugit din nordul Indiei un trib intreg, care n-a mai putut indura regimul la care era supus acolo de clasele sociale superioare. Facea parte probabil din casta „paria”, de membrii careia cei din castele superioare nici n-aveau voie sa se atinga. Si (sa fie doar coincidenta?) numele tiganilor, scris in primele noastre documente „atigani”, e probabil derivat din verbul grecesc „athinganein”: a nu se atinge! Au strabatut tot Orientul Mijlociu, respinsi din loc in loc, razboindu-se cat au putut cu persanii si cu turcii, pana au ajuns in Europa, in Imperiul Bizantin, alungati din Asia Mica de turcii otomani. Nici aici n-au avut ragaz, in imparatia bizantina, redusa de-acum (in veacul al XIV-lea) la Grecia continentala si o fasie de pamant corespunzand Turciei europene de azi si sudului Bulgariei - regiune careia i se zicea Romania, caci bizantinii, perpetuand timp de o mie de ani pretentia ca reprezentau Imperiul Roman, isi ziceau romei. Din sederea lor in Romania si-au tras tiganii si numele de „romi”, la care tin astazi.



Netotii: tiganii ascunsi in codri

La noi au ajuns, tot refugiindu-se palcuri-palcuri; pe masura ce treceau Dunarea, domnia si boierii, care duceau lipsa de brate de munca, i-au facut robi, adica muncitori lipsiti de orice drepturi - si au fost impartiti pe la mosiile boieresti pentru tot felul de meserii si de munci casnice si, de asemeni, pe la manastiri, iar o mica parte - cei mai norocosi - au fost pastrati ca robi domnesti, de pilda insarcinati cu cautarea aurului prin albiile raurilor! Acestia erau numiti „aurari”. Dintre robii boieresti, unii erau lasati sa-si exercite meseriile cutreierand tara cu satra lor, caci erau foarte indemanatici ca fierari, tinichigii, potcovari, spoitori. Numai o data pe an aveau datoria sa se mai intoarca la stapan, spre numaratoare si pentru casatorii. Mici grupuri de nesupusi au dainuit sute de ani ascunsi printre codri desi, intr-o stare atat de groaznica de saracie si salbaticie, incat li s-a zis „netoti”.



„Nu este vina lor, ci a veacurilor de durere”

(...) Guvernul revolutionar de la 1848 (n.r. - care a rezistat doar trei luni) a incercat sa ia masuri radicale. De pilda, decreteaza libertatea tiganilor, care veacuri de-a randul traisera intr-o situatie subalterna, jignitoare, erau maltratati, batuti, asta explicand multe dintre mentalitatile lor. Nu este vina lor, ci a veacurilor de durere si injosire pe care le-au indurat. Au fost eliberati in principiu in 1848, dar dupa innabusirea Revolutiei masura n-a apucat sa fie aplicata. Incepusera insa cativa boieri, cum au fost Ion Campineanu sau Mihai Voda Sturdza, sa-i elibereze pe propriii lor tigani; manastirile si-au dat seama ca robia nu corespundea cu milostenia crestina si i-au eliberat si ele - asa incat prin anii 1850 nu mai ramaneau decat vreo 5.000 de robi tigani in Tara Romaneasca si tot atatia in Moldova, numai robi particulari, la boieri, pentru care faceau toate meseriile prin casa, erau bucatari, lemnari, fierari, potcovari, spoitori etc. Dar si lautari! Eliberarea lor totala n-a inceput decat in 1856. Pare de neinchipuit ca in veacul al XIX-lea sa mai fi existat inca robi la noi, dar ganditi-va ca Statele Unite ale Americii au mai asteptat inca sase-sapte ani pentru a-i dezrobi pe negri! (Matei Udrea)
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marți, 6 noiembrie 2007

People and Places



People and Places: "Photo Gallery: Romantic Rome Part of the Places of a Lifetime series from Traveler magazine Click here to find out more! 1 of 10NEXT Photo: Sant Angelo Bridge Photo: Sant Angelo BridgePhoto: The PantheonPhoto: Romans on lunch breakPhoto: Tiber river boatPhoto: Nuns in St. Peter’s SquarePhoto: Man in Piazza del CampidoglioPhoto: Italian businessmenPhoto: Diners near PantheonPhoto: Pigeons in St. Peters SquarePhoto: Ruins of the Roman Forum ENLARGEWALLPAPER Statues of angels designed by 17th-century sculptor Gian Lorenzo Bernini decorate the Sant’Angelo Bridge."


Mr. Cioroianu's Romania

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The Romanian foreign minister's public statements are representative of Romania's official view. Mr. Cioroianu's words have been taken seriously abroad and analyzed as such, although they have been criticized and mocked at home, causing indignation and absolutely motivated protests. Or how can there be dialogue with a state, unless you start from the idea that Romania's most important institutional actor in foreign affairs expresses the Romanian message?

As a foreign minister in a European country, Mr. Adrian Cioroianu expressed a perfectly anti-European message, opposing not only the EU's fundamental principles, but also all the game rules in the European system. In November 2007, Cioroianu expressed a hallucinating message sending not only ourselves back in history, in the era of the Totalitarian system and the Nazi intolerance. There is one more thing, even more serious and harder to forgive, since he is a minister in a European government and he is supposed to know (or at least to realize) that the European solidarity rule always works when such messages are at stake. They work either positively, which can't possibly be the case now, or negatively, by delimitation and quarantine. Given the context, he has done great harm to Romania's interests. Even if Romanian politicians can be forgiven for their lack of experience and knowledge, even if the dirty political disputes in Bucharest can also be forgiven, there is one limit no one can cross.

This is about Europe's historical memory, the one that registered the dreadful deeds of the Nazi legislation, which later on was used as model for the Soviet assassinations. That legislation allowed for the separation, within the same nation, between groups of superior category and groups who had to be isolated and then turned into ghettos and concentration camps. Against this memory they tried to build a different kind of Europe, based on other principles and rules. Romania is the first EU state that has expressed something else by Adrian Cioroianu's message. And it will undoubtedly be sanctioned as such.

How can Romania possibly be the first to say tremendously foolish things again? How can Romanian diplomacy be headed by a historian unaware of how dramatical it is to refer to the Egyptian exile's symbol, for it is impossible not to make a connection between our minister's foolish words and the episode the Jews went through, ending up with the exodus Moses led?

Cioroianu's message is innovative in one more sense. The massage of Romania's top diplomat sounds like this: The Europeans' difficulties have so far been caused by the communities of non-EU citizens on national territories. But at home we have got a problem with some of our own citizens and out of the blue we want to collect them all and exile them to Egypt!

But is this Romania's message too? Of course it isn't. One needs to think only about Romania's traditional tolerance and interethnic cohabitation. The message expresses one more thing: our politicians' inability to find domestic solutions to priority problems. The commitments made in Brussels have proved just words. And Mr. Cioroianu's Romania will pay for it instead of Mr. Cioroianu himself.

Cristian UNTEANU

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In cazul 'Prodi KGB' nu se moare intamplator


Romano Prodi - KGB Agent?

The latest rumour doing the rounds is that Romano Prodi was a KGB contact in Italy. The same rumours also have it that this was what Litvinienko was meeting Scaramella on the 1st November to discuss, and to hand over papers relating to. This speech was made last week, in the European Parliament, by a UKIP member:
"Mr President, I should like to pay tribute to my constituent, Mr Alexander Litvinenko. Alexander was fearless in exposing the political gangsters that now run Russia, and the creatures of the KGB and FSB that still hold political office in Europe. For his bravery, he paid the ultimate price.

In April, I made two speeches in this Parliament repeating allegations made to me by Alexander that Romano Prodi had been an agent of some kind of the KGB. Alexander told me that the key figure to understanding Mr Prodi’s alleged relationship with the KGB in the 1970s was a man named Sokolov, also known as Konopkine, who worked for TASS in Italy.

Since Alexander can no longer testify to this effect, as he was ready, willing and able to do, I am pleased to provide this service for him posthumously."
But these allegations cannot be dismissed, as the mainstream media is doing. From Wikipedia:On April 2, 1978, Prodi and other members of the faculty of the University of Bologna passed on a tip about a safe house where Aldo Moro, the former Prime Minister kidnapped by the Red Brigades, was detained. Bizarrely, Prodi claimed he had been given the tip by the founders of the Christian Democratic Party, contacted from beyond the grave via a séance and a Ouija board. While Prodi thought the word Gradoli referred to a town on the outskirts of Rome, it likely referred to the Roman address of a BR safehouse, located at via Gradoli 96. Later, other Italian members of the European Commission claimed that Prodi had invented this story to conceal the real source of the tip, which they believed to have originated in the Italian extraparliamentary left.So he recieved the whereabouts of a prisoner of a communist group from a seance? Pull the other one. He has something, at least, to conceal.Of course, if he was a spy, how many KGB contacts are there within the European Union? And was he actually a spy? I know that in Blairite Britain the truth is hard to come by, but I believe that we have the right to know. Unfortunately, I can't look in his MI5 file. Where are the documents that Litvinienko gave to Scaramella? And are we currently being ruled by the Russian Mafia? Somehow, I don't think that we'll get answers.
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Posted by David Webster at 8:05 AM

Litvinenko “Prodi KGB” Case Mustn’t Be Dropped 4 December 2006
Posted by David in Europe, UKIP, World.
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The allegation that Romano Prodi, current Italian PM and formerly European Commission President, is the KGB/FSB’s man in Italy has continued to be pushed by UKIP. The Guardian and Sun reported it in just a few dismissive lines, but after Mr Litvinenko’s death and the contamination of his friend, Mr Scaramella, as well as numerous aircraft and sites across the UK, it deserves wider investigation.

Gerard Batten took the floor in a moving and important speech about the death of the former KGB Colonel Alexander Litvinenko. Mr Batten knew Mr Litvinenko and has been key to letting the world know some of the most extraordinary details of the whole Russian poisoning affair. This speech is here slightly altered as it was spoken under Parliamentary privilege.

I should like to pay tribute to my constituent, Mr Alexander Litvinenko. Alexander was fearless in exposing the political gangsters that now run Russia, and the creatures of the KGB and FSB that still hold political office in Europe. For his bravery, he paid the ultimate price. In April, I made two speeches in this Parliament repeating allegations made to me by Alexander that Romano Prodi had been an agent of some kind of the KGB. Alexander told me that the key figure to understanding Mr Prodi’s alleged relationship with the KGB in the 1970s was a man named XXXXX, also known as XXXXX, who worked for TASS in Italy. Since Alexander can no longer testify to this effect, as he was ready, willing and able to do, I am pleased to provide this service for him posthumously.

The work that Mr Batten has done on this case over the months has done much to bring into the light the evidence of high level infiltration of both the Italian government and the EU institutions by former Russian secret service operatives. In the light of the current situation he should also be applauded for his courage and his dedication to unearthing the truth.

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"Posibila colaborare a lui Prodi cu KGB-ul a devenit un subiect de prima pagina, in luna noiembrie, abia dupa decesul fostului agent de contraspionaj rus, refugiat in Marea Britanie, Alexander Litvinienko.




Mai multe voci au afirmat, in acest context, ca otravirea acestuia cu polonium 210 a fost dictata de serviciile rusesti tocmai pentru a proteja identitatea conspirativa a fostului presedinte al Comisiei Europene si actual premier al Italiei. Colaborarea lui Prodi cu KGB a fost anuntata cu sase luni in urma de catre Gerard Batten (United Kingdon Independence Party) care afirma ca Alexander Litvinienko avea confirmarea acestui lucru de la fostul adjunct al FSB, Anatoly Trofimov, mort prin impuscare in conditii neelucidate la Moscova cu un an in urma, in 2005.


Publicatia The EU Reporter , care apare la Bruxelles, confirma in 3 aprilie 2006 versiunea lui Batten prin vocea unui fost agent KGB, a carui identitate nu a fost, insa, divulgata. Desi citat de catre Batten, Alexander Litvinienko nu a afirmat niciodata public ca ar fi avut informatii care sa sustina ca Romano Prodi ar fi fost recrutat si ar fi colaborat cu serviciile secrete sovietice si mai apoi cu cele ruse. Dimpotriva, in cadrul unui interviu acordat, influentului cotidian La Republica in martie 2005, acesta afirma ca inca din 2004 el afirmase ca nu are informatii care sa indice o posibila conexiune intre Romano Prodi si activitatile KGB-ului in Italia.


Respectivele afirmatii au fost facute la solicitarea lui Mario Scaramella, pe vremea cand acestea isi desfasura activitatea in cadrul comisiei Mitrochin, constituite de parlamentul italian, la cererea lui Silvio Berlusconi, presedinte al partidului Forza Italia si premier in acea vreme, pentru a investiga posibila colaborare a unor politicieni italieni de stanga cu fostele servicii secrete sovietice. Aceasta nu a fost singura intrevedere dintre Scaramella si Litvinienko. Pe 1 noiembrie 2006, exact in ziua si in locul in care se crede ca Litvinenko a fost otravit cu poloniu 210, cei doi s-au intalnit la Itsu, un restaurant japonez din Londra, pentru a discuta despre moartea ziaristei ruse Anna Politckovskaya, asasinate in apartamentul ei din Moscova, aflate si ea in stransa legatura cu comisia Mitrochin, ca si multi alti dizidenti din era Putin.


Ulterior, agravarii starii lui Litvinenko si apoi decesului acestuia, s-a afirmat ca si Scaramella fusese contaminat cu aceeasi substata, poloniu 210, lucru, pe care prin vocea avocatului sau, el nu l-a confirmat, solicitand efectuarea unor analize medicale. Intersul lui Scaramella in cazul Prodi are si o conotatie politica. In ultimii trei ani, suprematia lui Silvio Berlusconi in topurile de popularitate ale politicienilor italieni a fost pusa la incercare doar de Romano Prodi. Aceasta pare sa fie singura persoanlitate a stangii italiene capabile sa contrabalanseze influenta carismaticului si mediatizatului lider al partidului Forza Italia. Legaturile dintre Scaramella si Berlusconi sunt evidente, comisia Mitrochin, este opera lor si ambii au motive sa il urmareasca pe Prodi.


Romano Prodi a negat orice legatura cu KGB, in absenta unor probe elecvente, conexiunea sa cu serviciile secrete sovietice si apoi ruse este o simpla speculatie, nu este insa, o speculatie faptul ca doi agenti ai acestor servicii despre care s-a considerat ca ar fi confirmat aceasta conexiune, Litvinenko si Trofimov au fost asasinati, intr-un mod care sa nu lase dubii ca decesul ar fi survenit in urma unui accident intamplator.





Sursa: Cronica Romana, 7 Decembrie 2006
Autor: Mircea Marin
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