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Medvedev Gave the World a Phoney
Hardly Russia counts on the signing of the new European Security Treaty. Its presentation is just a well-considered step, which… should split the views within the Euro-Atlantic area.
Dmitry Medvedev has finally presented to the public his widely promoted variant of European Security Treaty.
Presenting the project during the summit of OSCE in Athens, the Head of Russian Foreign Affairs Ministry Sergey Lavrov noted, that the given project was developed to overcome the dividing lines within Euro-Atlantic region. However the irony is that the document that is called to end with the atavisms of the cold war, was designed within the framework of its traditions. The document was written in the style of “the principles of overwhelming peace and well-being”, and its provisions compiled from all existing mechanisms of international security, including UNO and NATO Charters, Manila Declaration on the Peaceful Settlement of International Disputes and European Security Charter. Meanwhile it doesn’t at all touches upon the kind of aspects, as armament control, human rights and new security threats, remaining within the frameworks of 20 years old military-political categories.
The MAIN message of the Russian proposal to Europe is the statement, that the Parties of the new Treaty should be guided by the “principles of indivisible and equal, undiminished security”. Russia would like for “any security measures” to be implied by the Parties to the Treaty considering the security interests of other states. Except for that, the Kremlin suggests to “eliminate the possibility to use the territory of the Treaty Parties to plan or perform armed attacks or other actions, significantly affecting the security of other Treaty Parties”.
Russia thinks, that in case of armed attacks on one of the Treaty members, other Parties can estimate the situation as an attack on their countries. Respectively, they can provide the assistance to the country affected till the moment, when UNO Security Council undertakes measures urgent to maintain international peace and security.
According the Kremlin strategists, in order to achieve the objectives of new security architecture the mechanisms of consultations and conferences should be enough as the decisions will be adopted in consensus and will be obligatory to execution. Moscow suggests to sign this Treaty to all the states of Euro-Atlantic and Eurasian regions “from Vancouver to Vladivostok” and to all main organizations, acting within this area - the EU, OSCE, CSTO, NATO, CIS.
The main objective of the Kremlin, promoting this document, is obvious: to set prerequisites for further split-up of Europe and the USA, and weakening of NATO as an instrument of security assurance within Euro-Atlantic region. Moreover, if the Kremlin is able to initiate in West the discussion of this Treaty, this can establish the ground to the enhancement of disagreements between “pro-Russian” and “pro-American” clubs of the EU. As any weakening of NATO, Euro-Atlantic and internal European relations gives Russia a wide range of opportunities to prove its status as a “new international force”. Not mentioning that if NATO and the EU start internal disputes, and Europe begins deciding who is more important the USA or Russia, Moscow will be able to start reestablishment of its dominance within post-soviet area without obstacles.
Hardly the Kremlin really counts that this document will be signed; moreover, its adoption can bring troubles.
Russia suggests forcing all the players of the international arena to “consider the interests of other members of the Treaty” and to put this principle above the national interests and the interests of international organizations. Brilliant suggestions! However, it can turn against Russia itself. The same as the demand on the non-use of the Treaty members’ territories for “actions significantly affecting the security of other Parties of the Treaty”.
The examples are evident. These are Abkhazia and South Ossetia, where Russian military bases were located without consideration of the interests of international and European communities. This is Transdniestria region, where Russian troops are still dislocated up to this moment. The Crimea, where the Black Sea Fleet “assures Russian security” mainly without consideration of Ukrainian interests.
As a matter of fact, many projects, which are accomplished within the framework of the Union State of Russia and Belarus, can also fall under displeasure in case of adoption of the new treaty. The Union State should establish a Joint Force Grouping of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus and the Common Air Defense System. These steps can be easily estimated as a use of the “territory of the Treaty member” for the actions, affecting the security of other states. As well as the projects within the frameworks of the Collective Security Treaty Organization. Within the structure of this organization they arrange common military groups within Western, Caucasian and Central Asia directions – as if it doesn’t affect the interests of other states of the region. Or for example, active development of the cooperation within SCO. Don’t extended military trainings of Russia and China bother Euro-Atlantic region?
And another thing. The Kremlin suggests creating a very “peaceful” treaty, called to minimize the possibility of the use of armed forces to settle international conflicts. However, its steps in practice don’t correspond to this intention: the conflict in Georgia and the occupation of the part of its territory, the changes of the law on Russian Federation defense for the establishment of the mechanism of implementation Russian troops abroad, the statement on potential use of nuclear weapons in local conflicts and unexplainable purchases of offensive arms abroad.
The last, but the most important evidence of the futility of Russian initiative is that the Kremlin suggests to create a knowingly invalid mechanism of decision-making within the frameworks of the Treaty. As the procedure of approval of consensus resolutions itself anticipates the impossibility of urgent solutions adoption. It means that any crisis situation within the framework of multiple heterogeneous international organization will in practice appear to be unmanageable.
Translated by EuroDialogueXXI from politforum.com.ua
Energy security
Leaders of the three Baltic States, President Dalia Grybauskaitė of Lithuania, President Valdis Zatlers of Latvia, and President Toomas Hendrik Ilves of Estonia, met in Vilnius today and agreed that Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia would stand united in their aspiration towards energy independence and would seek European funding for regional energy projects. READ MORE
The dynamics of international life of the passing year comprised a sound list of significant events, which are able to give a start for new large-scale transformations as many commentators think. They include – the launch of the “Eastern Partnership” program. This project has called different reactions among the states participating within “Eastern Partnership” as well as in neighboring capitals. The reaction was mainly emotional and unpredictable. It’s perfectly known that for example Warsaw gives a strategic meaning to this project. Moscow also sees a long-term effect, strategy but the aim of this strategy is observed in a different way. READ MORE
With the turn of a ceremonial valve, China’s president, Hu Jintao, opened a big natural gas pipeline from central Asia to China on Monday, significantly increasing China’s access to the fuel and providing the first major alternative to exporting the region’s gas through Russia. READ MORE
In the meeting with the President of the European Council Herman Van Rompuy, President of the Republic of Lithuania Dalia Grybauskaitė underlined that Lithuania would ask the European Union to envisage funds in its new financial perspective for the post-closure maintenance of the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant and for the construction of electricity connections with Western Europe. READ MORE
Ukraine will ensure the transit of Russian gas to EU countries and hopes for the EU support to introducing market principles in gas sector, President Viktor Yushchenko has said following the 13th Ukraine-EU Summit in Kyiv. READ MORE
Having visited Washington and New York a couple of times in the last months Rumiana Jeleva, Bulgaria’s Foreign Minister and now Europe’s potential European Commission Commissioner for International Cooperation, Humanitarian Aid and Crisis Response, spoke to New Europe about the shifting geopolitics of gas and the South East Europe region. READ MORE
“We are interested in exporting our resources through different routes,” Azerbaijan’s President Ilham Aliyev stated during his visit to Bulgaria on November 13. On the same day, he paid a short working visit to Sofia to meet his counterpart Georgi Parvanov and to sign an inter-governmental agreement on the transit of Azeri gas to Europe though the Black Sea. This was the third agreement signed with a foreign country during the past month. Previous agreements were signed with Russia and Iran. Analysts believe that these latest developments hint at Baku’s plans to diversify its export options and reduce its dependence on the so-called “Turkish route”. READ MORE
Rügen is best known as a popular German tourist destination. But now the Baltic Sea island has taken on a new role as staging point for an energy project that is as ambitious as it is controversial: the Nord Stream gas pipeline from Russia to Germany. Next spring the first pipeline segments will likely be dropped to the sea floor in a line that will wind through Russian, Finish, Swedish, Danish and German waters—conspicuously avoiding the Baltic states and Poland. READ MORE
Russia made a surprise pledge to cut back on CO2 emissions at a summit with the EU in Sweden on Wednesday (18 November). Russian diplomats said the country is ready to cut emissions by 20 to 25 percent below 1990s levels by 2020, up from a previous commitment of 10 to 15 percent. READ MORE
Moscow has reiterated pledges to improve Russian energy security by promising sizable investments to develop its hydrocarbon sector and power supply networks. However, the economic viability of such solutions appears to remain a matter of debate as Moscow’s ambitious plans require huge investments. Russian authorities have long pledged to replace obsolete and wasteful Soviet-era energy technologies and solutions by what officials describe as “energy-efficient” facilities. READ MORE
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Cateva ganduri despre Muller, Schlattner si rusinea celorlalti
Fosta profesoara din Nitchidorf preda cu incapatanare coerenta dizidentei, cu dramele ei. Preotul din Rosia propovaduieste curajul spovedaniei oneste, cu dramele lui. Destine radical opuse, Hertha Muller si Eginald Schlattner se intalnesc undeva in marea literatura. Cei doi inseamna doua atitudini publice slab frecventate de scriitorii romani. Nobelul pentru Hertha Muller ar trebui sa fie un moment de rusine pentru noi toti, nu de mandrie patriotarda.Hertha Muller nu apartine literaturii romane, doar tema si personajele au legatura cu mizeria universului romanesc sub comunism. Noi i-am livrat, si inainte si dupa '89, motive autentice de oroare, am cutremurat-o apoi cu indiferenta noastra fata de trecutul totalitar. Literatura romana n-a reusit sa nasca nici o Muller, nici un Schlattner.
O cultura minora, scrisa de oameni cu destine aproximative, nici nu putea scrie autentic despre o mare tema - anularea individului in lumea totalitara. Ne salveaza totusi eseistica unor Virgil Ierunca si Monica Lovinescu, memorialistica fostilor detinuti politici, o mana de mari dizidenti, pretioasele recuperari de la Sighet, raportul Tismaneanu si alte cateva reparatii istorice.
Dar literatura a sarit peste dramele comunsimului sau, daca s-a intalnit cu ele, n-a produs mari capodopere. N-a reusit sa puna o mare tema - individul strivit de totalitarism - in circuitul literaturii universale, asa cum au facut-o Hertha Muller sau Eginald Schlattner.
Poate v-ati intrebat, citindu-i pe toti marii scriitori romani care astazi ii aduc elogii:
Ei de ce n-au avut curajul Hertei Muller inainte de '89? De ce le lipseste colaborationistilor onestitatea unui Eginald Schlattner, fie si tardiva? Am vazut-o intr-un interviu la TVR realizat prin 2007 si prezentat in reluare joi seara, cand i s-a decernat premiul Nobel. Hertha Muller punea in incurcatura intelectuali, scriitori si societate civila din Romania ridicand probleme fundamentale: de ce tema colaborationismului cu trecutul e atat de absenta in spatiul romanesc? De ce, in comparatie cu Germania, problema dosarelor lor la Securitate e atat de putin discutata? De ce oamenii nu sunt framantati de detaliile vietii lor sub comunism?
Lipseste, din puzderia de scriitori romani colaborationisti - turantori de profesie sau victimele terorii - un Eginald Schlattner onest, povestindu-si chiar si tarziu viata de antierou impacat cu destinul sau. Avem, poate, mari constiinte fara geniu sau genii pustii, fara constiinta literara puternica.
Nemtii Hertha Muller si Eginald Schlattner sunt turnesolul acid al societatii romanesti, oglinda dureroasa pentru multi scriitori. Hertha Muller a ales sa paraseasca Romania, traumatizata de infernul din ea, si sa-l denunte continuu. Schlattner a ramas in locurile care i-au mutilat viata si se spovedeste calm, marturisind totul, in detalii semnificative.
Noi le-am livrat materia prima, Raul, iar ei l-au povestit altora, in germana. I-am recuperat timid dupa ce opera lor a fost recunoscuta afara si s-a bucurat de succesul total. I-am tradus in tiraje confidentiale in Romania dupa ce au ajuns autori de best-seller in Germania. Astazi ne amintim din nou ca exista pentru ca, nu-i asa, intre timp au luat si un Nobel. I-am ignorat cat am putut in tara sau i-am confiscat ipocrit, intonand imnul national.
La sfarsitul interviului acordat TVR, Hertha Muller isi expune in cuvinte simple un fel de crez scriitoricesc tipic nemtesc: "
Trebuie sa facem treaba. Asta este motto-ul meu: Trebuie sa facem treaba, in toate locurile unde este cazul, trebuie sa facem treaba. Si atunci se schimba multe. Si nici nu e greu". Ei, si Herta Muller si Eginald Schlattner, si-au facut-o. Noi, ceilalti, spre rusinea noastra, nu.
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